Index of American Pentimento

F G H I J K L

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F 

French, 22; categories of, 19; medium of—see money; politics of, 22. See also presents; expropriation, forcible, 21, 132, 135, 155, 158, 169, 170, 189

Far East, 137

farming, 3, 8, 16, 22, 26, 27, 28, 37, 38, 45, 46, 64, 69, 76, 77, 83, 85, 86, 88, 100, 130, 134, 136, 142, 144, 148, 153, 168, 169, 187, 188, 189; Brazilian, 27; English, 13, 114, 115, 124, 126, 127, 128, 129, 131; English colonists’ desire for, 30; and landownership, 15, 76, 126, 133, 155; native, 114, 159; nomadic, 143, 145; and slavery, 93, 122. See also crops fences (see also barbed wire; enclosure movement, English), 33, 38, 39, 42, 155, 159, 165

Ferdinand II, king of Aragon (Ferdinand V, king of Castile), 77, 84, 85, 93, 102, 104, 117

Fernandes Sardinha, Pedro, 106

Fernández de Oviedo, Gonzalo, 95, 96, 97

fictions, partial, colonial, 113, 115, 133, 146, 157, 158, 166, 167, 169, 170, 171, 172, 177

"fifth," the, 62

Fiji, 153

Fijians, 92

Finland, 114

fishing, 64, 167, 168, 169, 185; gendered divisions of, 171; as recreation, 169, 170; for subsistence, 170

Florida, 67

forest (see also natural resources, timber), 50, 52, 54, 56, 157, 159, 168

forest legislation, French, 50

France, 93, 96

Franciscans, 67, 120, 144

freedom, 66, 102, 103, 143, 180, 186; economic, 133; political, 133; religious, 88, 175, 176

Freitas, Seraphim de, 27

French Revolution, 180

Frobisher, Martin, 128

"frontier," 157; definitions of, 160

Fuero real, 93

fur trade, French, 56

Fureneaux, Tobias, 110

G 

gambling, 176

Gândavo, Pêro de Magalhães de. See Magalhães de Gândavo, Pêro de

Gandhi, Mohandas K., 163

Garden of Eden, 130

gardening. See farming

Gaul, 114

Gê, 99, 143

generational rule, Portuguese, 149

Genoese, 93

gente de razón. See "reason, people of"

"Gentile," 99, 104, 106, 125, 140, 146

gentio. See "Gentile"

Georgia, 168

Ghana, 74

ghettos, 177

gifts. See presents

Gilbert, Humphrey, 13

Ginés Sepúlveda, Juan, 28, 101

Gitksan, 155, 185

gold. See natural resources, gold

goods, exchange and acquisition of, 4

Goshutes, 166

Granada, 74, 84, 85

Gray, Robert, 34, 37, 128, 129, 131

Great Britain, 156

greed, 89; European, 6, 109

Greeks, 93

Grotius, Hugo, 179

Guajajara, 175

Guaranís, 143, 145, 174

Guatemala, 78, 147, 174, 177, 180

Gumatj, 182

Haida, 147

Haiti. See Hispaniola

Hakluyt, Richard, 29, 37, 38

Hale, Mathew, 124

hallucinogens, 175

Hanson, E. Allan, 172

Hawaii, 167

Hemming, John, 91

Henare, Tau, 177

Herbert, Edward, 14

Herculano, Alexandre, 92

herding, cattle, 143, 144

Heresbach, Conrad, 89

heresy, 94, 100

Hieronymites, 64, 141

Hispaniola, 61, 63, 64, 67, 104

"history," 157, 158, 159, 161, 167, 172–73

Hoffmann, Stanley, 182

homosexuality, 94, 95, 96, 97, 99, 111, 121–22

Honduras, 174

Horomia, Parekura, 177

Hooch, Pieter de, 11

horseback riding, 74, 90, 132

Hudson's Bay Company, 155

human dignity, 1, 2

human rights, 10, 179, 181; communal, 180, 181; English interpretation of, 180; individual, 180, 181; Portuguese interpretation of, 180; Spanish interpretation of, 180. See also civil rights

Humboldt, Alexander von, 89

humility: Muslim imposition on Christians and Jews, 74; Spanish imposition on Muslims and Jews, 74; Spanish imposition on Native Americans, 82, 151

hunting, 3, 9, 46, 47, 48, 50, 64, 77, 113, 124, 128, 130, 133, 134, 136, 140, 142, 143, 144, 145, 148, 153, 158, 167, 168, 185; aristocratic rituals of, 156, 166; class division of, 48–49, 50, 51, 54, 55, 157, 171; death penalty for, 48, 54; English techniques of, 49; gendered divisions of, 54–55, 56, 157, 171; on horseback, 90; large game, 156; native, defined by the English, 53, 115; native, English depictions of, 114, 155; native, English hostility toward, 54; native practices and techniques of, 51; as pest extermination, 51, 53; of petroleum products, 184; as recreation, 51, 55, 157, 171; safari, 156; for Subsistence, 51, 55

Hurons, 35, 52, 56, 98

husbandry. See farming

hypocrisy, 69, 70

I 

Iberian Peninsula, 58, 60, 73, 82, 83, 85, 92, 93, 101, 124

idleness, 55, 64, 127, 128, 131, 148, 165–66, 170; avoiding, 49

idolatry, 94, 95, 96, 97, 100, 101, 102, 107, 108, 111, 115, 118, 121, 122, 130, 136

images, colonial, 171

improvement, 32–33, 38, 39, 42, 164, 165–66, 167

Incas, 3, 79, 100, 101, 122

independence: aftermath of, 9, 11; from England, 151; impact on colonial structures, 151, 157; movement, 163, 164; from Spain, 151

India, 153, 155

Indian Mission Council, 183

Indian Ocean, 138

Indian Religious Crimes Code (1883), 175

"Indian republics," 78

Indians, legend of "vanishing," 158, 159, 171–72. See also fictions,
partial, colonial

Indigenous Communities Statute of Paraguay (1981), 188

individualism, 180

Indonesia, 183

infanticide, 174, 175

inheritance, 85

Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, 181

intermarriage, 140, 149; English hostility toward, 150

Inuit, 185

Iran, 183

Iraq, 183

Iroquois, 92, 98, 108

Irish, 93

Isabel I, queen of Castile, 63, 64, 66, 77, 84, 85, 104, 117

Islam, 121; Shia, 59; Sunni, 59. See also Muslims

Italy, 93, 96

J 

Jamaica, 62, 64

James I, king of England, 43, 51

Jefferson, Thomas, 150, 186

Jesuits, Portuguese, 45, 99, 142, 143, 148; expulsion of from France, Spain, Portugal, Brazil, 145; See also mission village system, Jesuit

Jews, 75, 76, 79, 83, 85, 117, 118, 120, 123; Iberian, 74; Portuguese, 36

jizya. See tribute, Islamic

João III, king of Portugal, 55, 106, 139, 140, 142

Jogues, Isaac, 108

John, king of England, 48

Johnson, Edward, 52

Johnson, Robert, 128

juxtaposition: of colonial attitudes toward cannibalism, human sacrifice, idolatry, and sodomy,107–12; of colonial attitudes toward intermarriage, 149–50; of colonial attitudes toward native language, 147–48; of economic and religious aims, 69–70; of European and
Native American ideas on hunting, 55–56; of labor and ownership rights, 16–17; of methods of land acquisition, 88; of moral and physical separation, 123–24

K

Kahura, 110

Kariri, 125

Kehoe, Alice, 175

Kenya, 153, 156

khums. See "fifth," the

kinship, 85; systems of, 85, 86

Knack, Martha C., 189

Kuwait, 183

L 

La Malinche, x, 147

labor, 14, 15, 16, 25, 26, 65, 81, 87, 93, 102, 127, 130, 131, 134, 135, 136, 141–42, 144, 145, 148, 150, 153, 157, 165, 168, 176, 189; beliefs about, Dutch, 27; beliefs about, English, 115, 127, 129, 155; beliefs about, Portuguese, 3, 27; beliefs about, Spanish,3; defined, 14, 16; English, 114; European, 5; expenditure of, 27; forced, 102, 110, 111; gendered division of, 45, 46, 47, 148; grants of native, 67, 68, 101; and humanity, 116; markets, 124; monetary form, 16; native, 9, 17, 60, 62–65, 67–68, 71, 112, 145; need for, Portuguese, 107; need for, Spanish, 57, 102, 148; and ownership, 15, 18, 65; payment for, 65, 68, 87, 189; physical requirement of, 101; quotas, 64, 66; and race, 132; rights, 67, 115; slave, 103, 127, 139, 143, 144; surplus of, English, 37, 40; use of native, by Spanish, 3, 5, 9, 102, 115, 126. See also ownership

labor theory of property, 15, 16

laborers, farm. See farming

land, 29, 57, 86, 135, 150, 153, 165, 178; common, 32, 152; gendered as female, 29; native—see lands, Native American; non-return of to natives, 164; surface, 58, 83,152, 167; uninhabited, 29; unowned, 155; "virgin," 29, 148. See also "waste land"

land acquisition, 20, 23, 156; Dutch, 22, 88; English, 26, 88, 115, 159;
means to, 13; methods, 22; Portuguese, 88; Spanish, 88

"land compositions." See title, questionable

land law, English, 12, 13

land rights, 1, 2, 65, 84, 165, 180, 182, 185; based on work, 17; for
indigenous peoples, 12, 83

Land Settlement Act (1891), 153

land survey, 153

land tenure: collective, 172; forms of, 159

land title, 76; "aboriginal title," 184, 185; "native title," 184, 185

land use, 126

landownership, 2, 3, 9, 12, 16, 75, 76, 81, 84, 151, 179, 184, 185, 187, 188; Arabic preservation of, 75; communal, 40, 58, 84, 157, 158, 159; English, 15, 57, 184; English theory of, 42, 46, 129; entitlement to, 53; farm labor theory of, 56; individual,84; means to, 13; native, 180; native patterns of, 158; private, 58, 70; Spanish, 86–87; Spanish preservation of, 72, 77; transfer of, 153
lands, Native American, 17, 35, 112, 158; protection of from seizure, 3, 5, 7, 9, 71, 72, 83, 86, 152; seizure of, 133

landscape, uninhabited, re-creation of, 161

language, colonial, 164, 171, 173

languages, European, 7

Las Casas, Bartolomé de, 65, 95, 98, 102, 142, 180

law: English, 14; Iberian, 122; Islamic, 62, 73, 79; native, 147;
Roman, 14, 155

Law of Nature, 38

Lawson, William, 129

laziness. See idleness

legal and economic systems: English, 8, 12, 13; Spanish, 8, 93; Portuguese, 8

Legro, 21

León, Juan Ponce de. See Ponce de León, Juan

Léry, Jean, 109

Lestringant, Frank, 107

liberty. See freedom

Libya, 183

Lima, 105

Lincoln, Abraham, x

Lisbon, 137

Littlefield, Alice, 189

Locke, John, 15, 16, 18, 35, 38, 40, 41, 155

logging, 167, 168

"lord proprietors," 139

Los Angeles, 178

Loyola, Ignatius, 99

Lucayos, 3, 63, 64

Lusitanians. See colonists, Portuguese

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