Cabeza de Vaca, Alvaro Núñez.
See Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, Alvaro
Caddos, 92
Caeté, 106, 110
Calvinists, 53
Campbell, Ben Nighthorse, 177
Campos Moreno, Diogo de, 146
Canada, 8, 36, 56, 155, 156, 172, 173, 175, 183, 185, 186
Canadian Constitution Act (1982), 185
Canadian Indian Act (1884), 175
Canadians, 166
Canberra, 182
cannibalism, 91–92, 94, 95, 96, 97, 99, 101, 105, 108, 111, 113, 115,
118, 121, 122, 128, 130,133, 136, 139, 174; Bororo aversion to, 98; Caddoan,
92; English fear of, 109–10; European, 111, 112; European revenge for,
110; Huron,
98; Iroquois,
92, 98; Mayan, 92; Mohawk, 98; native, Iberian depictions of, 114, 173; Oneida,
98; Pawnee,
92;Rarámuri aversion to, 98; ritual, 97–98, 109, 173; and slavery,
103–105, 106, 107,146, 148; Spanish outrage at, 110; surrogate, 98; survival,
97, 111; Tupi, 91, 98, 109
capital (see also money), 15, 26, 114, 115, 165
capital theory, 26
Caribbean, 3, 8, 36, 67, 77, 96, 98, 101, 142
Caribes, 104, 105
Carmelites, 144
Carson National Forest, 184
Carter, James, 186
cash (see also money), 21
Castile, 62, 83, 85, 88
Castilians, 60, 61
Castillo, Bernal Díaz del. See Díaz del Castillo, Bernal
Catalonia, 76
Catholicism, 119, 121, 122, 150; Iberian, 121; priesthood, 120, 176; rituals
of, 94, 123; See also Catholics; missions; names of individual orders; Roman
Catholic Church
Catholics, 111, 117, 149; French, 118; Spanish, 118. See also
Catholicism; Roman Catholic Church
Caucases, 93
Cervantes de Salazar, Francisco, 95, 96
Champlain, Samuel de, 35
charcoal. See natural resources, charcoal
Charlemagne, 114
Charles V, Holy Roman emperor, 43, 44, 66, 68, 77, 83, 84
Cherokees, 134, 159, 168, 169, 170
Chiapas revolt, 177, 188
Chichimecas, 104, 105
Chile, 103, 105, 180, 188, 189
Christ, 93, 94, 106, 117
Christianity, 120, 124, 133, 176; beliefs, Spanish fear of
corruption 123; converts to, Jewish, 120, 123, 146; converts to, native, 120;
"Old Christianity," 117, 120; Protestants, 118; rituals of, 120.
See also Catholicism; Christians; "Christians, the"; evangelizing
Christianizing. See evangelizing Christians, 60, 61, 62, 63, 73, 75, 76, 77,
79, 84, 85, 87, 88, 92, 93, 101,103, 104, 105, 107, 114, 115, 116, 125, 126,
133, 177–78; Iberian, 74, 94, 124, 140
"Christians, the," 116, 117, 118, 121, 126, 136, 139
civil rights: of market access, 170; of property ownership, 170;
of pursuit of profit, 170, 178; of "recreation," 170
class. See middle class
Clenardo, 27
climate, 131
Clinton, George, 25
clothing, 74, 89
coal. See natural resources, coal
Coke, Edward, 32, 48
Colbert, Jean-Baptiste, 50
"cold war," 92, 103
Colombia, 179, 180
colonialism: nineteenth- and twentieth-century European, 7, 168
colonists, xi, 152; Dutch, 8, 36, 45, 55, 56, 71, 107, 110; economic objectives
of, 5; English, xi, 2, 3, 8–9, 13, 23, 28, 55, 57, 72, 100, 105, 107,
109, 114, 126, 129, 133, 135, 150; French, 3, 8, 36, 45, 55, 56, 107, 114;
Portuguese, xi, 3, 45, 55, 56, 57, 60, 99, 100, 103, 105, 135, 136, 139, 147,
150; Spanish, xi, 3, 45, 56, 57, 60, 62, 67, 72, 97, 100, 103, 105, 118, 125,
150
colonization, 2, 5; English, 3, 9, 13, 14, 29, 92, 152; Spanish, 3, 9
Columbus, Christopher, 63, 77, 83, 101
commerce, 123, 135, 137, 148, 165, 172
commercial model: Dutch, 135; French, 135; Portuguese, 135, 136
commodity, 19; Brazil nuts, 140, 141; brazilwood, 137, 139, 141; coral, 137;
hides, 145; pepper, 138; porcelain, 137; shellac, 137; silks, 137; spices,
138; vanilla, 140, 141. See also crops; money; payment; purchase; presents
common land, shared, 162
communal use rights, 35
community, 64, 65, 76, 78, 80; subjugated, 73, 84, 87
community autonomy: Muslim, 76; Jewish, 76
Connecticut, 178
conquest: of nature, 160; of people—Spanish, 2, 3; of property—English,
2
conquests: Arabic, 4; Berber, 4; Islamic, 75; German, 4; Scandinavian, 4.
See also Norman Conquest
conservation, 161
contracts, 23, 75
Cook, James, 110
Copeland, Patrick, 35
Cordoba, 92
Cortés, Hernán, x, 44, 67, 77, 84, 96, 100, 104, 105, 108, 147
cotton. See crops, cotton
Cotton, John, 20, 38, 52, 53
courts: Spanish, 84, 87. See also legal and economic systems: Spanish
Crashaw, Richard, 101
credit (see also money), 21
Croke, George, 14
Cronon, William, 39
crops: coffee, 127; cotton, 127, 169; indigo, 127; sugar, 127, 139, 143, 144,
145; tobacco, 39, 127, 139, 143 Cuba, 67, 173, 179
Cummins, John, 50
Cushman, Robert, 38, 128
customshouses, Brazilian, 138; for West African goods, 137, 139; for South
Asian goods, 137, 139 |
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